Cover; Half Title; Series Information; Title Page; Copyright Page; Dedication; Table of contents; Preface; Acknowledgments; Glossary of Arabic words; 1 Liberal-secular sensibilities and a genealogy of the Ontario Shari'ah tribunals; Introduction; Framing the debates; Sources and method; Theoretical frameworks; The Arbitration Act, S.O. 1991; Historicizing the proposed Ontario Shari'ah tribunals; Marion Boyd report; The Boyd Report and the Arbitration Act; The Boyd report and consultations; Arc of the book; Notes; Works cited

2 From Orientalism to neo-orientalism: Discourses of race and imperial hegemony in the name of gender equalityIntroduction; The liberal empire, the language of rights, and the category of gender; A feminist compulsion, or, sharing the white man's burden; Discourses of neo-orientalism and cultural authenticity; Hyperpatriarchal chronicles; Insider saviors; Conclusion; Notes; Works cited; 3 Liberalism, the court system, and multiculturalism: Examining epistemic claims; Introduction; The normalization of liberalism: Are Muslim women really equal?

The court system, the assertion of vulnerability, and protectionTensions of multicultural discourses; Taming multiculturalism or expressing bigotry; Conclusion; Notes; Works cited; 4 Secularism and its discontents: Social hierarchies that matter; Introduction; Secularism as a worldview; Secularism, religion, and social hierarchies; Civilized rational secularism/uncivilized irrational religion; Public secularism/private religion: The feminization of religion; Nonpatriarchal progressive secularism/patriarchal repressive religious; Secularism under the gaze of a religious mind; Conclusion; Notes

Works cited5 Aversion or conversion: A missed opportunity?; Introduction; Situating the term "Shari'ah"; Opponents and the proposed Ontario Shari'ah tribunals; Proponents and the proposed Ontario Shari'ah tribunals; Women, the law of inheritance, and the proposed Shari'ah tribunals; Women and divorce issues, and the proposed Shari'ah tribunals; Why insist on Shari'ah tribunals?; Conclusion; Notes; Works cited; 6 Ideology, ontology, and epistemology: Shari'ah debates and the Tawhidi (Unitary) weltanschauung; Introduction; Is the declaration of human rights universal?; Ideological differences

Ontological differencesEpistemological differences; Not a case of cultural relativism; The Tawhidi weltanschauung, Shari'ah law, and the Islam and gender discourse; Conclusion; Notes; Works cited; 7 Conclusions: Signs are enough for those who think; Introduction; Reading the signs; Notes; Works cited; Index