Contents: Introduction; Part I Patterns of International Terrorism: The four waves of modern terrorism, David C. Rapoport; Al Qaeda, trends in terrorism, and future potentialities: an assessment, Bruce Hoffman; After 9/11: is it all different now?, Walter Enders and Todd Sandler; Transnational terrorism hot spots: identification and impact evaluation, Alex Braithwaite and Quan Li; Trajectories of terrorism: attack patterns of foreign groups that have targeted the United States, 1970-2004, Gary LaFree, Sue-Ming Yang and Martha Crenshaw; The nature of the beast: terrorist organizational structures and lethality, Victor Asal and R. Karl Rethemeyer. Part II Causes of Transnational Terrorism: Ideologies of violence: the social origins of Islamist and Leftist transnational terrorism, Kristopher K. Robison, Edward M. Crenshaw and J. Craig Jenkins; Does democracy promote or reduce transnational terrorist incidents?, Quan Li; On ethnic conflict and the origins of transnational terrorism, Atin Basuchoudhary and William F. Shughart II; Incubators of terror: do failed and failing states promote transnational terrorism?, James A. Piazza; Economic globalization, Quan Li and Drew Schaub; Education, poverty and terrorism: is there a causal connection?, Alan B. Krueger and Jitka Maleckova. Part III Impacts of Transnational Terrorism: The impact of transnational terrorism on US foreign direct investment, Walter Enders, Adolfo Sachsida and Todd Sandler; Terrorism and the world economy, Alberto Abadie and Javier Gardeazabal; Terrorism-induced structural shifts in financial risk: airline stocks in the aftermath of the September 11th terror attacks, Konstantinos Drakos; Assessing the impact of the September 11 terrorist attacks on US airline demand, Harumi Ito and Darin Lee. Part IV Responding to Transnational Terrorism: A theoretical analysis of transnational terrorism, Todd Sandler, John T. Tschirhart and Jon Cauley; Patterns of transnational terrorism, 1970-1999: alternative time-series estimates, Walter Enders and Todd Sandler; Terrorism shocks: domestic versus transnational responses, Todd Sandler; Collective versus unilateral responses to terrorism. Todd Sandler; Strategies and practical measures to strengthen the capacity of prosecution services dealing with transnational organized crime, terrorism and corruption, Yvon Dandurand; Name index.