Preface
Introduction
Translation of Rafʻ al-Malām ʻan al-Aʼimmat al-Aʻlām
Reasons behind the divergence of a scholar's opinion from a ḥadīth
The opinions of scholars and the question of error
Can a scholar who fails to adhere to the implications of a text be chastened
The Purpose of Threats of punishment within textual evidence
The implications of categorical and probable ḥadīths
General and Specific Threats of Punishment
Categorical Proof and the Threat of Punishment
Threat(s) of Punishment in case of difference of Opinion
The domain of ḥadīths comprising threats of Punishment
Are the independent scholar (mujtahid) and the imitator (muqallid), beyond the jurisdiction of punishment?
Conclusion
Bibliography.