Ancient Egypt. The Predynastic Period and the First and Second Dynasties, 6000-2686 B.C. ; The Old Kingdom, Middle Kingdom, and Second Intermediate Period, 2686 to 1552 B.C. ; Pyramid building in the Old and Middle Kingdoms ; The New Kingdom and Third Intermediate Period, 1552-664 B.C. ; Art and architecture in the New Kingdom ; The Cult of the Sun God and Akhenaten's monotheism ; The Late Period, 664-323 B.C.
Ptolemaic, Roman, and Byzantine Egypt, 332 B.C.-A.D. 642. The Alexandrian conquest ; The Ptolemaic period ; Egypt under Rome and Byzantium, 30 B.C.-A.D. 640
Medieval Egypt. The Arab conquest, 639-41 ; The Tulinids, Ikhshidids, Fatimids, and Ayyubids, 868-1260 ; The Mamluks, 1250-1517
Egypt under the Ottoman Empire
Modern Egypt. The Neo-Mamluk Beylicate, 1760-98 ; The French invasion and occupation, 1798-1801 ; Muhammad Ali, 1805-48 ; Abbas Hilmi I, 1848-54 and Said, 1854-63 ; Social change in the nineteenth century
From autonomy to occupation: Ismail, Tawfiq, and the Urabi Revolt. Khedive Ismail, 1863-79 ; From invention to occupation, 1876-82
From occupation to nominal independence. The occupiers ; Economy and society under occupation ; Egypt under the protectorate and the 1919 revolution
The era of liberal constitutionalism and party politics. The rise and decline of the Wafd, 1924-39 ; Egypt during the war, 1939-45 ; On the threshold of revolution, 1945-52 ; The revolution and the early years of the new government, 1952-56 ; Egypt and the Arab world ; Nasser and Arab socialism ; Egypt, the Arabs, and Israel ; The war with Israel, 1967
The aftermath of the war. Internal relations ; External relations ; Nasser's legacy ; Sadat takes over, 1970-73 ; October 1973 war ; Political developments, 1971-78 ; Egypt's new direction ; Peace with Israel ; The aftermath of Camp David and the assassination of Sadat
Mubarak and the middle way
Geography. Physical size and borders ; Natural regions ; Climate
Population. Population control policies ; Major cities ; Emigration ; Minorities
Social organizations. Urban society ; Rural society
Family and kinship. Importance of kinship ; Attitudes toward women ; Changing status of women
Religion. Islam ; Coptic church ; Other religious minorities
Education
Health and welfare
Structure, growth, and development of the economy. Infrastructure ; Transportation ; Communications
The role of government. Mubarak's gradualism? ; Development and planning ; Pricing and subsidy ; Exchange rates ; Public finance ; Banking, credit, and inflation
Labor. Employment ; Wages
Agriculture. The food gap ; Land ownership and reform ; Land reclamation and loss ; Pricing policy ; Cropping patters, production, and yield ; Technology
Energy, mining, and manufacturing
Foreign trade. Exports ; Imports ; Trade partners
Balance of payments and main sources of foreign exchange. Petroleum ; Suez Canal ; Remittances ; Tourism ; Current account balance ; Capital account and capital grants ; Direct foreign investment ; loans
Debt and restructuring
The dominant executive and the power elite. The presidency ; The president and the power elite ; The Prime Minister, the Council of Ministers, and the policy-making process ; The road to power: recruitment and composition of the elite ; Elite ideology ; Politics among elites ; The bureaucracy and policy implementation ; Local government
The subordinate branches: the regime and its constituency. Parliament ; The judiciary, civil rights, and the rule of law ; The political role of the media ; Interest groups
Controlling the mass political arena. The "dominant party" system ; The limits of incorporation: The rise of political Islam and the continuing role of repression
Foreign policy. The determinants of foreign policy ; Foreign policy decision making ; The development of foreign policy
Military heritage. The Egyptian military in World War II ; First Arab-Israeli War ; The 1956 War ; The June 1967 War ; War of Attrition and the October 1973 War
Security concerns and strategic perspectives
The military in national life
The armed forces. Army ; Air Force ; Navy ; Air defense force ; Traing and education ; Conscription amd reserves ; Conditions of service Defense spending ; Military justice ; Uniforms and insignia
Armed forces production. Production of civilian goods ; Defense industry
Foreign military assistance
Internal security. Muslim extremism ; Leftist organizations ; Police ; Intelligence services
Crime and punishment. The judicial system ; Incidence of crime ; Drug trafficking ; The penal system.