Recommended readings (Machine generated): Harry G. Johnson (1953-54), 'Optimum Tariffs and Retaliation', Review of Economic Studies, 21 (2), 142-53
Gene M. Grossman and Elhanan Helpman (1994), 'Protection for Sale', American Economic Review, 84 (4), September, 833-50
Gene M. Grossman and Elhanan Helpman (1995), 'Trade Wars and Trade Talks', Journal of Political Economy, 103 (4), August, 675-708
Giovanni Maggi and Andrés Rodríguez-Clare (1998), 'The Value of Trade Agreements in the Presence of Political Pressures', Journal of Political Economy, 106 (3), June, 574-601
Kyle Bagwell and Robert W. Staiger (1999), 'An Economic Theory of GATT', American Economic Review, 89 (1), 215-48
Giovanni Maggi (1999), 'The Role of Multilateral Institutions in International Trade Cooperation', American Economic Review, 89 (1), March, 190-214
Henrik Horn, Giovanni Maggi and Robert W. Staiger (2010), 'Trade Agreements as Endogenously Incomplete Contracts', American Economic Review, 100 (1), March, 394-419
R.G. Lipsey (1960), 'The Theory of Customs Unions: A General Survey', Economic Journal, 70 (279), September, 496-513
Murray Kemp and Henry Wan, Jr. ([1976] 1987), 'An Elementary Proposition Concerning the Formation of Customs Unions', in Jagdish N. Bhagwati (ed.), International Trade: Selected Readings, Second Edition, Chapter 21, Cambridge, MA and London, UK: MIT Press, (originally published in Murray C. Kemp (ed.), Three Topics in the Theory of International Trade, Amsterdam, The Netherlands: North-Holland), 377-80
Henrik Horn and Petros C. Mavroidis (2001), 'Economic and Legal Aspects of the Most-Favored-Nation Clause', European Journal of Political Economy, 17 (2), June, 233-79
Kyle Bagwell and Robert W. Staiger (2004), 'Multilateral Trade Negotiations, Bilateral Opportunism and the Rules of GATT/WTO', Journal of International Economics, 63 (1), May, 1-29
Jagdish Bhagwati (1993), 'Regionalism and Multilateralism: An Overview', in Jaime de Melo and Arvind Panagariya (eds), New Dimensions in Regional Integration, Chapter 2, Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, 22-51
Robert Z. Lawrence (1996), 'The Impact of Regional Arrangements' and 'System Dynamics', in Regionalism, Multilateralism, and Deeper Integration, Chapters 3 and 4, Washington, DC: Brookings Institution Press, 21-42, references
Emanuel Ornelas (2005), 'Rent Destruction and the Political Viability of Free Trade Agreements', Quarterly Journal of Economics, 120 (4), November, 1475-506
Nuno Limão (2007), 'Are Preferential Trade Agreements with Non-trade Objectives a Stumbling Block for Multilateral Liberalization?', Review of Economic Studies, 74 (3), July, 821-55
Kyle Bagwell and Robert W. Staiger (2002), 'Enforcement', in The Economics of the World Trading System, Chapter 6, Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 95-110, references
Warren F. Schwartz and Alan O. Sykes (2002), 'The Economic Structure of Renegotiation and Dispute Resolution in the World Trade Organization', Journal of Legal Studies, XXXI, January, S179-S204
Kym Anderson (2002), 'Peculiarities of Retaliation in WTO Dispute Settlement', World Trade Review, 1 (2), July, 123-34
Robert Z. Lawrence (2003), 'Role of Remedies in the WTO System', in Crimes and Punishments?: Retaliation Under the WTO, Chapter 2, Washington, DC: Institute for International Economics, 13-47, references.

Andrew T. Guzman and Beth A. Simmons (2005), 'Power Plays and Capacity Constraints: The Selection of Defendants in World Trade Organization Disputes', Journal of Legal Studies, 34 (2), June, 557-98
Alberto Martin and Wouter Vergote (2008), 'On the Role of Retaliation in Trade Agreements', Journal of International Economics, 76 (1), September, 61-77
Kyle Bagwell (2009), 'Remedies in the World Trade Organization: An Economic Perspective', in Merit E. Janow, Victoria Donaldson and Alan Yanovich (eds), The WTO: Governance, Dispute Settlement and Developing Countries, Chapter 40, Huntingdon, NY: Juris Publishing, Inc., 733-70
Giovanni Maggi and Robert W. Staiger (2011), 'The Role of Dispute Settlement Procedures in International Trade Agreements', Quarterly Journal of Economics, 126 (1), 475-515
Gene M. Grossman (1986), 'Imports as a Cause of Injury: The Case of the U.S. Steel Industry', Journal of International Economics, 20 (3-4), May, 201-23
Robert S. Pindyck and Julio J. Rotemberg (1987), 'Are Imports to Blame? Attribution of Injury Under the 1974 Trade Act', Journal of Law and Economics, XXX (1), April, 101-22
Kyle Bagwell and Robert W. Staiger (1990), 'A Theory of Managed Trade', American Economic Review, 80 (4), September, 779-95
Alan O. Sykes (1991), 'Protectionism as a "Safeguard": A Positive Analysis of the GATT "Escape Clause" with Normative Speculations', University of Chicago Law Review, 58 (1), Winter, 255-305
Douglas A. Irwin (2003), 'Causing Problems? The WTO Review of Causation and Injury Attribution in US Section 201 Cases', World Trade Review, 2 (3), 297-325
Alan O. Sykes (2003), 'The Safeguards Mess: A Critique of WTO Jurisprudence', World Trade Review, 2 (3), 261-95
Kyle Bagwell and Robert W. Staiger (2005), 'Enforcement, Private Political Pressure, and the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade/World Trade Organization Escape Clause', Journal of Legal Studies, 34 (2), June, 471-513
Mostafa Beshkar (2010), 'Trade Skirmishes Safeguards: A Theory of the WTO Dispute Settlement Process', Journal of International Economics, 82 (1), September, 35-48
Charles J. Goetz, Lloyd Granet and Warren F. Schwartz (1986), 'The Meaning of "Subsidy" and "Injury" in the Countervailing Duty Law', International Review of Law and Economics, 6 (1), June, 17-32
Paul R. Krugman (1987), 'Is Free Trade Passé?', Journal of Economic Perspectives, 1 (2), Fall, 131-44
Alan O. Sykes (1989), 'Countervailing Duty Law: An Economic Perspective', Columbia Law Review, 89 (2), March, 199-263
Kyle Bagwell and Robert W. Staiger (2001), 'Strategic Trade, Competitive Industries and Agricultural Trade Disputes', Economics and Politics, 13 (2), July, 113-28
Kyle Bagwell and Robert W. Staiger (2006), 'Will International Rules on Subsidies Disrupt the World Trading System?', American Economic Review, 96 (3), June, 877-95
Alan O. Sykes (2010), 'The Questionable Case for Subsidies Regulation: A Comparative Perspective', Journal of Legal Analysis, 2 (2), Fall, 473-523
John J. Barceló III (1979), 'The Antidumping Law: Repeal It or Revise It', Michigan Yearbook of International Legal Studies, 53-93.

J.M. Finger, H. Keith Hall and Douglas R. Nelson (1982), 'The Political Economy of Administered Protection', American Economic Review, 72 (3), June, 452-66
Richard Boltuck (1991), 'Assessing the Effects on the Domestic Industry of Price Dumping', in P.K.M. Tharakan (ed.), Policy Implications of Antidumping Measures, Chapter 5, Amsterdam, The Netherlands and New York, NY: North-Holland, 99-141
Thomas J. Prusa (1992), 'Why Are So Many Antidumping Petitions Withdrawn?', Journal of International Economics, 33 (1-2), August, 1-20
Alan O. Sykes (1999), 'Regulatory Protectionism and the Law of International Trade', University of Chicago Law Review, 66 (1), Winter, 1-46
Michael Trebilcock and Robert Howse (1998), 'Trade Liberalization and Regulatory Diversity: Reconciling Competitive Markets with Competitive Politics', European Journal of Law and Economics, 6 (1), July, 5-37
Kyle Bagwell and Robert W. Staiger (2001), 'Domestic Policies,National Sovereignty, and International Economic Institutions', Quarterly Journal of Economics, 116 (2), May, 519-62
Kyle Bagwell, Petros C. Mavroidis and Robert W. Staiger (2002), 'It's A Question of Market Access', American Journal of International Law, 96 (1), January, 56-76
Kyle Bagwell, Petros C. Mavroidis and Robert W. Staiger (2006), 'The Case for Tradable Remedies in WTO Dispute Settlement', in Simon J. Evenett and Bernard M. Hoekman (eds), Economic Development and Multilateral Trade Cooperation, Chapter 13, Houndsmill, UK and Washington, D.C.: Palgrave Macmillan and The World Bank, 395-413
Chad P. Bown (2009), 'Developing Countries and WTO Trade Disputes', in Self-Enforcing Trade: Developing Countries and WTO Dispute Settlement, Chapter 4, Washington, DC: Brookings Institution Press, 63-98, references.