1. California's fourth branch of government
What about local direct democracy?
Aims of this study
2. Overview of the local initiative
A brief history of the local initiative
The local initiative process
The scope of local initiatives
Examples and policy considerations
The proposed El Toro Airport
Growth management strategies and "ballot-box zoning"
3. Patterns in local initiative use
Local initiative activity during the 1990s
The success of local initiatives
Subject matter of local initiatives
The election timing of local initiatives
The geographic distribution of local initiatives
4. Causes of local initiatives
A first look
Cities
Counties
Results from multivariate analysis
Total initiatives
Initiatives by topic area
Land use
Governance
Interpretation of results
5. Fiscal consequences of local initiatives
6. Conclusion
Appendix
A. Data sources
B. Regression results for chapter 4
C. Regression results for chapter 5.