Why punish? How much? : a reader on punishment / edited by Michael Tonry.

I. Classical Theories. 1. the penal law and the law of pardon. / Immanuel Kant. 2. wrong [das unrecht]. / G. W. F. Hegel. 3. an introduction to the principles of morals and legislation. / Jeremy Bentham. 4. principles of a rational penal code. / Sheldon Glueck. 5. the humanitarian theory of punishment. / C. S. Lewis. 6. legal values and the rehabilitative ideal. / Francis Allen.
II. Retributive Theories. 7. the expressive function of punishment. / Joel Feinberg. 8. Marxism and retribution. / Jeffrie G. Murphy. 9. a paternalistic theory of punishment. / Herbert Morris. 10. punishment and the rule of law. / T. M. Scanlon. 11. penance, punishment, and the limits of community. / R. A. Duff.
III. Mixed Theories. 12. prolegomenon to the principles of punishment. / H. L. A. Hart. 13. proportionate sentences: a desert perspective. / Andrew von Hirsch. 14. proportionality, parsimony, and interchangeability of punishments. / Michael Tonry. 15. sentencing and punishment in Finland: the decline of the repressive ideal. / Tapio Lappi-Seppälä. 16. limiting retributivism. / Richard S. Frase. 17. excessive relative to what? defining constitutional proportionality principles. / Richard S. Frase.
IV. Emotion, Intuition, and Determinism. 18. morality and the retributive emotions. / J. L. Mackie. 19. the role of moral philosophers in the competition between deontological and empirical desert. / Paul H. Robinson. 20. for the law, neuroscience changes nothing and everything. / Joshua Greene and Jonathan Cohen.
V. Restorative Theories. 21. restoration in youth justice. / Lode Walgrave. 22. in search of restorative jurisprudence. / John Braithwaite. 23. the virtues of restorative processes, the vices of "restorative justice". / Paul H. Robinson. 24. restorative punishment and punitive restoration. / R. A. Duff.
VI. Social Theories. 25. from slavery to mass incarceration: rethinking the "race question" in the US. / Loïc Wacquant. 26. labor market and penal sanction: thoughts on the sociology of criminal justice. / Georg Rusche. 27. rules for the distinction of the normal from the pathological. / Emile Durkheim. 28. discipline and punish: the birth of the prison. / Michel Foucault.